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Caring for

You!

How can you care for yourself during pregnancy?

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Becoming pregnant and growing a baby can be an exciting and overwhelming experience. Many people love to share their advice and what they think is best. Some of it may be good, some might not be. We wanted to share with you what we think is important about taking care of yourself during pregnancy. 

Nutrition
  • Eat a balanced diet. Drink plenty of fluids. Do not skip meals.

  • If you are nauseated, try to eat a small, healthy snack every 2 to 3 hours.

  • Take a multivitamin that contains at least 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid.

  • Increase the calcium in your diet. Cow’s milk is a great source of calcium. If you are dairy   intolerant, you may also take calcium supplements of 1000 mg daily.

  • Fish and shellfish offer DHA/omega 3 fatty acids which helps with brain/eye development for the baby.  However, fish may contain mercury which can harm the nervous system of the growing baby.  Avoid fish high in mercury (shark, swordfish, marlin, orange roughy, or mackerel). Limit tuna to once a week.  Best fish choices:  wild salmon, tilapia, cod, sole, trout, pollock, haddock, catfish, and shrimp. 

The American Pregnancy Association provides information on mercury in fish: https://americanpregnancy.org/?s=mercury+and+fish

  • Reduce caffeine, such as coffee, tea, and cola (<300 mg daily)

  • Avoid alcohol, such as beer, wine, or hard liquor.

  • Avoid unpasteurized dairy products

Weight Gain

You will often hear the term “eating for two” for pregnant women.  However, you only need about 300 extra calories a day during pregnancy to support your baby’s growth.   Gaining too much or too little weight during pregnancy can be harmful to you and your baby. The goal amount of weight to gain depends on how much you weighed before becoming pregnant.  Your doctor can discuss with you what is appropriate for your weight gain.  Don’t try to lose weight during pregnancy unless recommended by your doctor.

 

The recommended weight gain in pregnancy is:

  • First trimester 3-5 lbs total (<14 weeks)

  • 2nd/3rd trimester weight gain (14-40 weeks) depends on your pre-pregnancy weight.  A good rule of thumb is as follows:

    • Underweight women (BMI <18.5) should gain 28-40 lbs

    • Normal weight women (BMI 18.5-24.9) should gain 25-35 lbs

    • Overweight women (BMI 25-30) should gain 15-25 lbs

    • Obese women (BMI >30) should gain 11-20 lbs

  • For women who are pregnant with twins or more, the weight gain goal is higher (about 37-54 pounds)

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Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your weight or have questions about your nutrition. 

Lifestyle

While you are growing a baby, it is important to take care of yourself!  You may feel more tired than usual. 

  • Get rest, try to at least sleep 7-8 hours per night. Some sources will say you should not sleep on your back.  Actually, IT IS SAFE to sleep on your back during pregnancy. You should only avoid sleeping on your back if it makes you uncomfortable. Sleeping with a slight incline/wedge and keeping your knees bent can help reduce back strain.
     

Can I exercise? 

Of course!  Regular exercise can decrease your chance of diabetes or high blood pressure during pregnancy.  It can also improve your mood, energy level, and sleep.  We encourage at least 30 minutes of exercise daily.   

 

What type of exercise is safe? 

There are few restrictions on what you can do.  Walking is a good choice – especially if you are new to exercise.  It’s safe to run, take a spin class, do pilates, weight lift, and swim.   Choose a type of exercise that lessens the chance of physical injury to you or your baby such as swimming, stationary biking, low-impact aerobics, yoga or walking.

 

If you have not exercised in the past, start out slowly. Exercise three times a week or more but limit the length or intensity if it exhausts you or makes you short of breath. 

 

Drink plenty of water, warm up first and cool down afterwards, avoid overheating in warm weather. 

 

Avoid anything with risk of falling (horseback riding, contact sports, skiing, or exercise at elevations above 7000 feet).  Scuba diving is not safe in pregnancy.

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Any other special precautions? 

  • Wash your hands after you handle raw meat, and fully cook all meat before you eat it.

  • Wear gloves when you work in the yard and wash your hands well when you are done.

  • Do not touch cat feces or litter boxes.  Avoid cleaning the litter box since cat feces can be a source for toxoplasmosis. 

  • Do not smoke. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor

  • Avoid chemical fumes, paint fumes, or poisons.

  • Avoid lead which can lead to miscarriage and is harmful to babies’ brains.  Lead can be in glazed cooking pottery, imported candies, spices, and natural remedies https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/prevention/pregnant.htm

  • Do not use illegal drugs, marijuana, or alcohol.

  • Do not use saunas or hot tubs, but warm baths are safe.

 

Any skin, hair, or nail products to avoid?

  • Avoid topical retinoids (form of vitamin A), hydroquinone (lighten skin), formaldehyde, botox/fillers, microabrasion, skin peels, oral tetracycline.

  • It is safe to use for acne: azelaic acid, glycolic acid, topical benzol peroxide and topical salicylic acid.

  • Avoid gel manicures and hair dye until the 2nd trimester.

 

Can I travel?

Travel is medically safe up to 34 weeks domestically and 28 weeks internationally, unless advised otherwise by your provider:

 

On a plane, stay hydrated and walk around frequently. Consider wearing below the knee graduated compression stockings (15 to 30 mmHg of pressure at the ankle) to prevent blood clots.  Requesting an aisle seat will make it easier to walk around and stretch your legs.

Be aware of the location nearest the hospital/emergency room at your destination.

Please call and/or seek medical attention during travel with any bleeding, spotting, cramping, uterine contractions, rupture of membranes or decreased fetal movement.

Refer to our medication guide in the event something comes up while traveling.

 

Can I have sex?

Intercourse is safe in pregnancy, unless advised otherwise by your provider.

What preventive care do I need?

Dental Work

  • It’s important to keep up with your dental hygiene. Please schedule routine teeth cleanings twice a year. If emergent procedures are recommended, it is safe to proceed and not delay your treatment. Make sure they place an abdominal and neck shield for any dental x-rays. Your dentist may need to use local lidocaine without epinephrine as well as pregnancy compatible antibiotics. If not needed, it would be best to hold off teeth whitening until after you deliver.

 

Vaccination

  • Rhogam at 28 weeks if your blood type is negative

  • Flu vaccine: Prior to and during the flu season (Fall - Spring), the flu vaccine will be recommended

  • TdaP vaccine: Third trimester Pertussis vaccination will be recommended.

  • COVID vaccine is recommended in pregnancy.

 

Anxiety/Depression:

Pregnancy and the postpartum (after delivery) period are times of great change and can be very stressful for new parents.  You are experiencing physical, hormonal, and emotional changes that can put you at higher risk for depression and anxiety.  If you are experiencing anxiety or depression, please reach out to your provider.  We have several resources that can be helpful. 

 

Symptoms of perinatal mood concerns can include tearfulness/sadness, irritability, anxiety, trouble concentrating, excessive guilt, hopelessness, loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, thoughts of hurting yourself or the baby.  If you are experiencing these symptoms, please seek help from your doctor. 

Domestic Violence

Pregnant women are at an increased risk for domestic violence.  If you are subject to abuse, please find a safe location and contact authorities. 

 

Get more information online:

Living in a Nonviolent Community, the UCSF National Center of Excellence in Women’s Health

LEAP – Look to End Abuse Permanently, promoting healthy relationships: www.leapsf.org

 

     Hotline Burlingame 1-800-300-1080

     Hotline San Mateo   650-312-8515

     National Hotline      1-800-799-7233       

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